| ORIGINAL ARTICLE |
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| Year : 2021 | Volume
: 16
| Issue : 3 | Page : 206-211 |
The expanding spectrum of dystrophinopathies: HyperCKemia to manifest female carriers
Renu Suthar1, Shivan Kesavan1, Indar K Sharawat2, Manisha Malviya1, Titiksha Sirari1, Bhupendra K Sihag3, Arushi G Saini1, Vishalavath Jyothi4, Naveen Sankhyan1
1 Pediatric Neurology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Advanced Pediatrics Centre, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, India
2 Pediatric Neurology Division, Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
3 Department of Cardiology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, India
4 CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CCMB), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
Correspondence Address:
Dr. Renu Suthar
Pediatric Neurology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160012
India
 Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None  | Check |
DOI: 10.4103/jpn.JPN_89_20
Background: X-linked dystrophinopathies have a wide spectrum of manifestation. The most common forms are severe Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) and Becker’s muscular dystrophy (BMD). However, less common manifestations are isolated cardiomyopathy, myalgia, cramps, rhabdomyolysis, hyperCKemia, and manifest female carriers. Materials and Methods: This case series is a part of an ongoing long-term prospective cohort of children with DMD and BMD from the year 2013. The clinical details are maintained in the clinic files and standard management protocols are followed. For this case series, clinical details were collected from the clinic files and recorded on a case record proforma. Details of cardiology, radiology, and genetic investigations were collected. Results: We report cases of classical DMD, BMD, manifest female carrier with proximal pelvic girdle weakness, a female carrier with isolated dilated cardiomyopathy, and infantile-onset asymptomatic hyperCKemia. We also report less common but notable clinical presentations of DMD, autism, intellectual disability, epilepsy, and asymptomatic transaminitis. Conclusions: It is important for clinicians to be aware of these less common clinical presentations for prompt diagnosis, and to avoid unnecessary investigations. Here, we report the clinical spectrum of dystrophinopathies seen in pediatric neuromuscular clinic and emphasize the variability and expanding knowledge about different manifestations of dystrophinopathies.
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